تلاطم سیال در مخازن حامل ها (11)
جمعه, ۲ اسفند ۱۳۹۲، ۰۹:۱۹ ب.ظ
در مطلب پیشین، روند استخراج رابطه میرایی تلاطم سیال برای تیغه حلقوی در مخزن استوانه ای بیان شد، در این مطلب با توجه به رابطه بدست آمده، عوامل موثر بر میرایی تیغه ی حلقوی بررسی می شود.
در مطلب پیشین، روند استخراج دو رابطه زیر بیان شد:
(1) 
(2) 
شکل 1، رابطه 2 را با میرایی اندازه گیری شده در یک مخزن استوانه ای، برای حالتهای مختلف دامنه تلاطم سیال و عمق تیغه مقایسه می کند.
داده های به دست آمده با استفاده از روشهای متفاوت (روش نیروی وارد بر تیغه، روش اعمال نیرو، روش پاسخ دامنه تلاطم، روش زوال دامنه تلاطم، روش زوال نیروی تکیه گاهی) در شکل 1 نمایان است که به علت تفاوت در روشهای اندازه گیری، پراکندگی داده ها مشاهده می شود. زمانی که تیغه به سطح آزاد سیال خیلی نزدیک نیست، رابطه به دست آمده تطابق خوبی با نتایج آزمایش در عمق های مختلف نشان می دهد؛ زمانیکه تیغه در نزدیکی سطح آزاد سیال قرار می گیرد تطابق خوبی بین نتایج آزمایش و رابطه 2 مشاهده نمی شود که در ادامه علت آن بیان می شود.
زمانی که عمق غوطه وری تیغه (ارتفاع تیغه تا سطح آزاد سیال) کمتر از دامنه تلاطم است، در بخشی از سیکل تلاطم، تیغه کاملا پوشانده نمی شود و معمولا میرایی اندازه گیری شده از مقدار پیش بینی شده در رابطه 1 کمتر است. مقدار میرایی به دست آمده از آزمایش و رابطه 1 در شکل 2 نمایش داده شده است.
در شکل 2، میرایی تابعی از عمق غوطه وری تیغه در یک دامنه نوسان و در فرکانس تشدید تلاطم می باشد. شکل بیانگر این نکته است که میرایی اندازه گیری شده برای تیغه ای که کمی پایین تر از سطح آزاد سیال است، بیشتر از مقدار میرایی بدست آمده از رابطه 1 می باشد.
این در حالی است که
برای تیغه هایی که تقریبا در سطح آزاد سیال قرار دارند، میرایی اندازه گیری شده
کمتر از مقدار بدست آمده از رابطه 1 می
باشد. این وابستگی پیچیده میرایی به عمق غوطه وری تیغه براساس مطالعات آبرامسون [5] ناشی
از عوامل زیر است:
1.
پاشیده
شدن موج تلاطم سیال به تیغه که باعث افزایش میرایی می شود.
2.
تغییر در فرکانس طبیعی تلاطم سیال، وقتی که تیغه با سطح
آزاد برخورد می کند.
3.
غوطه ور نبودن کامل تیغه در کل یا بخشی از سیکل
نوسان.
برای اصلاح رابطه
مورد نظر در حالت نزدیکی تیغه به سطح آزاد سیال، بائر [65] رابطه ای
ارائه کرده است. البته در بیشتر موارد، بخش کمی از میرایی مورد نیاز است که این
کمترین مقدار وقتی که تیغه نسبتا در عمق غوطه ور است به دست می آید؛ پس معمولا
نیازی به تصحیح رابطه 1 نیست.
ادامه دارد...
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